Transport & Industry4 min read
Which Fuels Can Be Used in an Internal Combustion Engine?
Petrol, diesel, CNG, LPG, ethanol and hydrogen all work in an IC engine. Coal does not — and why explains what these engines need from a fuel.
All indoor fuel guides
43 guides on burning fuel inside a home safely, cheaply and legally — written for people who want the numbers, not the marketing copy.
Safety & CO4 min read
What You Must Never Burn Indoors (And Why People Still Do)
Charcoal, generators, camping stoves and patio heaters kill people indoors every winter. The mechanism behind each, and what to use instead.
Transport & Industry3 min read
Pulverised Fuel: The Advantages, and the One That Isn't
Grinding coal to powder gives faster, more complete, more controllable combustion — but costs grinding power and makes far more fly ash.
Buying Guides5 min read
Indoor Fuel Heater Buying Checklist: The Nine Specs That Matter
Certification marks, ODS, tip-over cutoffs, BTU sizing and runtime — the spec-sheet items that decide whether a heater belongs in your room.
Fuel Conservation5 min read
Practical Ways to Save Fuel at Home and on the Road
Fuel saving that actually works, ranked by payback — driving habits, tyre pressure, servicing, cooking and heating, and the useless gadgets.
Transport & Industry3 min read
What Fuel Do Trains Run On in India?
Indian Railways runs mostly on electricity now, with diesel for unelectrified lines. How the split works and why the switch happened fast.
Transport & Industry4 min read
Which Fuel Is Used in Thermal Power Plants?
Most thermal power stations burn pulverised coal, some natural gas or lignite. What happens between the coal wagon and your light switch.
Natural Gas5 min read
Flueless Gas Heaters Explained: How They Are Legal, and Where They Are Not
Catalytic burners and oxygen depletion sensors make flueless gas fires legal in many places — but the room-size and ventilation rules are strict.
Fuel Science4 min read
The Wood Considered Unfit as Fuel Is Green, Unseasoned Wood
Freshly cut wood can be half water. That moisture halves the usable heat, produces heavy smoke and deposits creosote in your chimney.
Transport & Industry4 min read
What Is Used as Fuel in Rockets?
Rockets burn liquid hydrogen, refined kerosene (RP-1) or solid composite propellants — and must carry their own oxidiser, because there is no air in space.
Fuel Science4 min read
Cetane Number: What a Higher Cetane Fuel Actually Does
Higher cetane means a shorter ignition delay: smoother diesel combustion, easier cold starts, less knock. And how it differs from octane.
Transport & Industry4 min read
Which Fuel Is Used in Aeroplanes? Aviation Turbine Fuel Explained
Jets burn aviation turbine fuel, a kerosene grade sold as Jet A-1. Small piston aircraft use avgas. Here is why kerosene beats petrol.
Fossil Fuels4 min read
Why Fossil Fuels Are an Important Source of Energy
Fossil fuels supply about 80% of world energy through energy density, storability and dispatchability — the properties that make them hard to replace.
Kerosene4 min read
Kerosene Grades Explained: 1-K vs 2-K, Dyed Fuel and What Burns Clean Indoors
The sulphur difference between 1-K and 2-K kerosene, why dyed fuel is a tax marker, and how to store fuel so a wick heater burns clean.
Fuel Science4 min read
The SI Unit of Specific Fuel Consumption
Specific fuel consumption is fuel mass per unit of energy produced. Its SI unit is kg/J; engineers quote g/kWh, and jet engines kg/(N·h).
Cleaner Fuels4 min read
Why Biogas Is an Eco-Friendly Fuel
Biogas is renewable, burns without smoke, turns waste into energy and leaves fertiliser behind — a genuinely closed loop, not just a cleaner fuel.
Fossil Fuels4 min read
The Most Abundant Fossil Fuel in India Is Coal — Here's Why
India holds the world's fifth-largest coal reserves and produces most of its electricity from it, while importing the majority of its petroleum and natural gas.
Fuel Science4 min read
A Liquid Fuel Used in Homes Is Kerosene
Kerosene is the liquid fuel used in homes, in wick stoves, lamps and heaters. Here is why it suits domestic use where petrol never could.
Cleaner Fuels4 min read
Fuel Cells: How They Convert Chemical Energy Directly Into Electricity
A fuel cell converts the chemical energy of a fuel directly into electrical energy without combustion, escaping the Carnot limit that caps heat engines.
Fossil Fuels3 min read
Is Kerosene a Fossil Fuel? True or False, Explained
Kerosene is obtained by fractional distillation of crude oil, so it is a fossil fuel. The statement 'kerosene is not a fossil fuel' is false.
Run Costs4 min read
Indoor Fuel Cost Per Hour: Kerosene vs Propane vs Natural Gas vs Electric
Cost per usable kWh for every common indoor heating fuel, with the arithmetic shown so you can redo it at your own prices.
Fuel Science4 min read
Why Carbon and Its Compounds Are Used as Fuels
Carbon compounds burn in air releasing large amounts of heat, store easily and are abundant — which is why nearly every practical fuel is one.
Cleaner Fuels4 min read
Why Hydrogen Is Not Used as a Fuel Despite Being the Cleanest
It has the highest calorific value and produces only water, yet must be manufactured, stored at 700 bar or −253 °C, and it embrittles metals.
Fossil Fuels4 min read
Disadvantages of Fossil Fuels: The Full List, Ranked by Consequence
Fossil fuels are finite, polluting and unevenly distributed. Here are the disadvantages in order of importance, with the mechanism behind each one.
Fuel Science4 min read
Incomplete Combustion of Fuel Leads to the Formation of Carbon Monoxide and Soot
Burning fuel in too little oxygen makes carbon monoxide, soot and unburnt hydrocarbons — with far less heat and a hazard you cannot smell.
Cleaner Fuels4 min read
Advantages of Using LPG and CNG as Fuels
High calorific value, clean smokeless burning, no ash and instant control — the practical reasons LPG and CNG replaced solid and liquid fuels.
Fossil Fuels3 min read
Can Fossil Fuels Be Made in a Laboratory?
Synthetic hydrocarbons can be made in a lab, but true fossil fuels cannot — the geological conditions and timescales cannot be reproduced.
Safety & CO5 min read
Carbon Monoxide Alarms for Fuel-Burning Rooms: Placement, Standards and Limits
Where to mount a CO alarm, which standard to buy, what the ppm numbers mean, and why a compliant alarm can stay silent at harmful levels.
Fuel Science4 min read
Ignition Temperature: Why a Fuel Must Be Heated Before It Burns
A fuel must reach its ignition temperature before it burns. What that means, why it varies so widely, and why not every combustible is a fuel.
Cleaner Fuels4 min read
Why Natural Gas Is Called a Clean Fuel
It burns almost completely, leaves no ash or soot, contains virtually no sulphur, and emits about half the carbon dioxide of coal.
Fossil Fuels4 min read
What Are Fossil Fuels? Definition, Types and Examples
A plain definition of fossil fuels with the three main types, everyday examples, how each is used, and where the world's supplies come from.
Fuel Science4 min read
Which Fuel Has the Highest Calorific Value? Hydrogen, and Why
Hydrogen, at about 150,000 kJ/kg — roughly three times petrol. The full ranking, and why hydrogen still is not in general use.
Cleaner Fuels4 min read
Which Is the Cleanest Fuel? Hydrogen, CNG and What 'Clean' Means
Hydrogen is cleanest because it produces only water. Among fuels in general use, CNG is the least polluting. Here is the full ranking.
Fossil Fuels4 min read
Why Coal and Petroleum Are Called Fossil Fuels
They formed from the fossilised remains of prehistoric plants and marine organisms, buried and transformed by heat and pressure over aeons.
Fuel Science4 min read
Characteristics of a Good Fuel: What Makes an Ideal Fuel
High calorific value, moderate ignition temperature, low ash and smoke, controlled burning, safe storage — and why no fuel scores full marks.
Cleaner Fuels4 min read
Is CNG More Polluting Than Petrol? No — Here Are the Numbers
CNG produces less carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, particulate matter and sulphur than petrol. The statement that CNG is more polluting than petrol is false.
Fossil Fuels3 min read
Which of the Following Is Not a Fossil Fuel? How to Answer Every Version
There are only three fossil fuels: coal, petroleum and natural gas. Anything else on the list is the answer, and here is how to spot it.
Propane5 min read
Indoor Propane Heater Ventilation: How Much Air You Actually Need
Indoor-rated propane heaters still consume oxygen and release water vapour. The ventilation figures, ODS limits and cylinder rules explained.
Fuel Science4 min read
Calorific Value of a Fuel: Definition, Units and How to Calculate It
Calorific value is the heat from burning one kilogram of fuel completely. Expressed in kJ/kg, and here is how it is measured and compared.
Fossil Fuels4 min read
Why Fossil Fuels Are Exhaustible Natural Resources
They formed over hundreds of millions of years, exist in a fixed stock, and are consumed far faster than nature can ever replace them.
Cleaner Fuels4 min read
Why LPG Is a Better Domestic Fuel Than Wood
LPG gives roughly three times the heat per kilogram, with no smoke or ash — which makes the switch a health intervention, not just convenience.
Kerosene6 min read
Are Kerosene Heaters Safe to Use Indoors?
Only under specific conditions: an indoor-rated unit, real ventilation, a CO alarm and 1-K fuel. Here is exactly what those conditions are.
Fossil Fuels5 min read
Why Energy From Fossil Fuels Is Not Green Energy
Fossil fuel energy fails both green tests: it is non-renewable, and burning it releases carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and particulates.